Dentine is the largest structural component of human tooth. It provides support to enamel, preventing enamel fractures during occlusal loading, and protects the pulp from microbial and other irritation. As vital tissue, dentine is not only a passive mechanical barrier between the oral environment and the pulp tissue, but in many ways participates in the overall protection of the continuum of the hard and soft tissue often referred as the dentine-pulp complex. Although dentine and pulp tissue are often thought to be similar in all parts of the tooth, different parts of a particular tooth may have significant differences between each other regarding the normal structure and the changes caused or induced by pathological conditions. Also, aging affects the structure and composition of dentine and pulp tissue in a way that may affect its physiological and pathological properties. With age, tubular occlusion by peritubular dentine and collagen cross-linking changes the mechanical behavior of dentine; and reduction of cells and tissue elements may reduce the sensation and defensive capacity of the pulp.

Aims

This lecture aims to review the current knowledge of the dentine-pulp complex structure and composition, the age- or disease-related changes in them, and how it may affect the treatment.

Objectives

The objectives of the lecture are:

- to review dentine-pulp complex basic structure and composition;

- to describe the effect of caries on dentine structure and composition beyond demineralization;

- to describe the effect of aging on dentine-pulp complex;

- to discuss how dentine pathology and aging may affect the choice of the restorative treatment.

Dr. Ove A. Peters joined The University of Queensland School of Dentistry in 2020 as the professor of endodontics and coordinator, postgraduate programs. He had held faculty positions in Heidelberg, Germany and Zurich, Switzerland, as well as at the University of California and the University of the Pacific, both in San Francisco, CA, USA. Dr. Peters received his postgraduate education in endodontics at the University of Zurich and at UCSF and is certified as a Diplomate of the American Board of Endodontics.  

Dr. Peters has wide-ranging research expertise and has published more than 175 manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals, related to endodontic technology and biology. He has authored two books and has contributed to several leading textbooks in endodontics. Dr. Peters has received, among other awards, the Hans Genet Award of the European Society of Endodontology and more recently the Louis I. Grossman Award of the American Association of Endodontists. He is also a Fellow of the International and American Colleges of Dentistry.

Sadia is a Clinical Lecturer/Honorary Consultant in Endodontics at King’s College London, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust. At King’s, she distributes her time between providing service to the GSTT and leading her research group. Apart from training the King’s Endodontics postgraduates, she is the Endodontics Clinical Lead for King’s dental undergraduates.

Sadia qualified as a dentist from Army Medical College (University of Sciences and Technology), Pakistan in 2002. She completed her Master’s in Oral Pathology/Sciences in 2007 from Queen Mary, University of London and subsequently received her PhD in Endodontics (Microbiology) from King’s College London in 2011. Since then, she has worked at King’s in various roles as Post-doc, Clinical Research Associate, Clinical Teacher. She completed her specialist training in Endodontology in 2020 and is a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England and Edinburgh.

Her research theme is Endodontics Microbiology, its host-pathogen Interactions and Systemic Impact. She is Principal Investigator in the ‘Centre of Oral, Clinical & Translational Sciences’ at King’s College London. She has co-authored multiple publications in high impact scientific journals, written a book chapter, given several talks and chaired sessions/symposiums at various international scientific conferences, and peer review articles for scientific journals.  She has supervised research projects for over 20 MClinDent and PhD students. She pioneered the development of a nutrient-stressed multi-species in vitro endodontic biofilm model, which has been widely used at King’s in various projects. With her extensive experience in culture and gene sequencing techniques, she has profiled the microbiota of endodontic biofilms and made a significant breakthrough in confirming the nosocomial nature of endodontic infections, thus emphasising the need for implementation of enhanced cross infection control protocol. She has expanded her research to investigate the systemic interactions of endodontic microbiome with host immune response that can pose cardiovascular disease risks. She collaborates across various disciplines within KCL and with other leading institutes in the UK, Europe and Asia as well as with industry. At King’s utilising state-of-the-art facilities, expertise and support, she is leading a dynamic research team to pursue the novel innovative high impact projects.

Apical periodontitis (AP) can contribute to persistent low-grade systemic inflammation which can have adverse impact on general health and quality of life of patient. Studies have attempted to associate AP with systemic conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), however lack of adequate high-quality evidence implies a weak association between CVDs and AP.

The aim of lecture is to discuss, based on the findings of our longitudinal cohort study on Host-Endodontic Microbiome interactions, the associations between AP, endodontic treatment and systemic health. Based on this scientific evidence, it will be discussed if AP can cause actual rise in the systemic inflammatory burden of CVD risk biomarkers, impacting vascular and systemic health.  Utilising next generation sequencing and biomarker profiling, any associations between microbiome and biomarkers will also be discussed.

Private practice limited to microscopic endodontics

Since 2003 Owner of limited to microscopic Endodontics private practice in Athens, Greece.

2003-2008 Clinical fellow teacher at the University of Athens, Endodontic department, Undergraduate education

2008-2012 Clinical fellow teacher at the postgraduate endodontic department, Athens Dental School

2012-2014 Clinical fellow Teacher at the postgraduate endodontic program, University of Warwick, Uk

2020 Country representative at the European Society of Endodontology (ESE)

Member of the Hellenic Association of Endodontists, member of the Hellenic Society of Endodontology, Certified member of the European Society of Endodontology (ESE), International member of the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), Founding member of the European Academy of Digital Dentistry, reviewer for the International Endodontic Journal and the Australian Endodontic Journal.

Challenging root canal systems introduce factors that increase the risk of procedural accidents during root canal treatment. Inability to achieve patency to the apical third, asymmetrical dentine removal leading to transportation, perforation and instrument fracture inside the challenging trajectories are some of the procedural problems that might jeopardize the management of intraradicular infection and result in poor treatment outcomes. In fact, curved, constricted, and splitting root canal systems introduce such complexity that total instrumentation concepts and specially designed instruments have been developed to deal with the challenge. This lecture seeks to provide and consolidate the principles necessary for understanding the dynamics of challenging canal systems management and to improve the understanding for future developments in this field.

Learning Objectives:

-Understand how to identify anatomical complexity

-Understand how to negotiate challenging canal systems 

Gianluca Plotino was born in 1978 in Rome, Italy. He graduated in dentistry from the Catholic University of Sacred Heart of Rome in 2002. He received the “Alfred Bean Memorial” prize from the Chicago Dental Society for the best Italian research graduate thesis 2001-2003, the "Hans Genet Award" from the European Society of Endodontology for the best European Researcher in 2013, the Top 100 Doctors award class 2022 and several other research prizes and awards. Dr. Plotino obtained his PhD in 2009 at the Catholic University of Rome, in 2017 he received the certification to be Professor of II level and in 2018 to be Professor of I level in Italy. Gianluca Plotino is a Specialist Member of the European Society of Endodontology (ESE), International Specialist Member of the American Association of Endodontists (AAE), active member and President Elect (2025-26) of the Italian Academy of Endodontics (AIE) and active member of the Italian Society of Endodontics (SIE) and the Italian Society of Conservative Dentistry (SIDOC). Dr. Plotino published more that 120 articles in scientific peer-reviewed journals on different endodontic and restorative topics reaching a h-index of 38, 2 textbooks on Endodontics and contributed with numerous chapters in other textbooks. He is Associate Editor of the European Endodontic Journal and part of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Endodontics and several other international journals. Dr. Plotino owns 4 patents and a start-up and since 2004 has extensively lectured worldwide on endodontic and restorative topics giving courses and workshops. He is currently working in his own private practice in Rome, Italy, focused on endodontics and restorative, esthetic and interdisciplinary dentistry.

Clinical studies demonstrate that long term prognosis of the root filled teeth is influenced by the quality of the restoration as well as by the quality of the root canal treatment itself. The most recent trend in restoration of endodontically treated teeth is following the concept of minimally invasive dentistry, proposing more conservative, less expensive and bio-economic restorations, based mostly on adhesive dentistry and the introduction of new materials and technologies. Following this trend, the access procedures in endodontics and the root canal preparation are changing in a conservative way, sometimes drastically if compared with the traditional concepts of cavity outline opening and coronal straight-line access to reach the apical third. Furthermore, new devices and techniques for cleaning and disinfection have been introduced, which claim a minimal instrumentation to reach treatment’s goals. 

Endodontic literature appears to be poor on demonstrating how these minimally invasive access and instrumentation procedures can influence the quality and prognosis of root canal treatment. The present lecture will analyze and show the technical procedures of minimally invasive root canal treatment in different clinical situations, underlining their possible advantages. Moreover, the limits of these procedures will be critically analysed to define how much minimally invasive clinicians should be in order to ensure gold standard endodontic treatments.

The widespread use of 3D imaging systems in Dentistry, such as micro-CT and CBCT, made them extensively available for clinicians and researchers. The main advantage of these technologies is their non-destructive nature, which allows the three-dimensional visualization of the external and internal aspects of teeth and surrounding structures. In the endodontic research, CBCT has been successfully employed as an assessment method in cross-sectional in vivo studies using large populations aiming to address the influence of different demographic factors on the morphology of teeth. On the other hand, micro-CT has gained increasing significance in ex vivo laboratory studies as it can be applied quantitatively as well as qualitatively for accurate assessment not only of the canal anatomy, but also to assess the efficiency of different procedures applied to the root canal system. As a result, a growing number of publications reporting on root and root canal anatomy of different populations and groups of teeth have been published in the last 10 years. However, although this increasing amount of knowledge has become available to the public, it is quite complicated for clinicians to keep updated or to select reliable and useful information from these studies. Therefore, this lecture aims to present a brief overview of the latest achievements in the research field on the influence of different procedures in the root canal system and then focus on how to apply this knowledge into clinical practice.

Traumatic injuries often affects young permanent dentition. Some of them (such as coronal fractures) are not severe and can be successfully treated with simple treatments such as direct pulp capping and/or pulpotomies. In other cases, however, such as dental luxations and avulsions the tooth is partially or completely displaced from its alveolar socket, affecting the pulp tissue, periodontal ligament, dental hard tissues, and alveolar bone. In these cases the treatment becomes more complex and the success rates decrease drastically because of the high risk of root resorption (RR), which can be classified into external and internal RR. The external RR, which is more frequent, is classified in descending order of frequency as: 1) Replacement RR (RRR or ankylosis; 51%); 2. Inflammatory RR (IRR; 23.2%); Surface RR (SRR; 13.3%). Although the best therapy for luxated and avulsed teeth is immediate replantation, it is not always possible in clinical conditions. Consequently, delayed replantation is often required. To arrest or delay the root resorption in cases of delayed remplantation, the use of Calcium Hydroxide has been advised for decades.  This effect of CH was first described in 1971 by Andreasen and this observation has since been supported by a number of clinical studies demonstrating that CH is able to arrest 98% of infection-related resorptions in luxated teeth and 90% in avulsed and later replanted teeth. CH has an inductive effect on the deposition of calcified tissues (bone, cement, dentin...) because of its high pH which inhibits enzymatic activities that are essential for bacterial life. Furthermore CH has the ability to reduce tissue bleeding by creating a layer of necrotic tissue and reduces the inflammation of the periodontal tissues. The main drawback of this method has been the weakening effect of CH on the dentin, leading to the risk of cervical root fractures. Today in many clinical situations, Calcium Hydroxide has been replaced by Bioceramic Materials. The first bioceramic introduced was MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate). The mechanism of action of MTA is strictly related to that of calcium hydroxide. MTA hydrates when it comes into contact with water and undergoes two main reactions. In fact, tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate react with water to form calcium silicate hydrate and calcium hydroxide. The main advantage of bioceramics over calcium hydroxide is that they constitute a definitive cement, and appear to have less dentin weakening effect. Their main drawback is that inflammation of the periodontal tissues and contamination with blood can alter their properties. For this reason it is suggested, in cases of inflamed tissues and intracanal bleeding, to use bioceramics after reducing inflammation and bleeding with a pure calcium hydroxide medication. During this presentation we will examine a series of clinical cases, even extreme ones, where the combined use of calcium hydroxide and MTA allowed to block or resolve the replacement and/or inflammatory resorption processes.

Rotary NiTi instruments have revolutionised endodontics, allowing even the less experienced dentist to create perfectly shaping in harmony with the original anatomy improving the prognosis even of the most complex cases. However, the use of NiTi has one serious drawback, in that it carries a higher risk of the instrument’s breaking than does stainless steel. The influence of various factors on breakage of rotary NiTi instruments has been extensively studied and it has been found that breakage usually depends on torsion and on bending stress.

Bending stress essentially depends on the original canal anatomy. The endodontist can do very little to reduce this type of stress.

Torsion depends on numerous factors however breakage occurs if the canal section is smaller than the tip of the instrument that cannot cut the dentine, and what is known as “taper lock” occurs. This is followed by plastic deformation and instrument breakage.

Numerous studies have evaluated the causes of breakage of NiTi instruments and have concluded that a marked reduction in the breakage rate of rotary instruments can be achieved when their use is preceded by preliminary manual enlargement and the creation of a “glide path”, that is a pathway with smooth canal walls along which the NiTi instruments can easily glide to reach the working length. Thus the canal must be enlarged at the foramen to a diameter greater than or at least equal to that of the tip of the first rotary NiTi instrument that will be used at that depth. It is also important to remember that all rotary NiTi instruments available on today’s market have non-active tips that are therefore not capable of cutting the dentine effectively.

The glide path are usually done by hand with stainless steel instruments. This is the last manual phase of the entire shaping procedure, and, especially for the general practitioner, the most difficult phase and that in which the most dangerous errors can be made, that can cause the entire treatment to fail (ledges, false paths, dentine plugs). Hand stainless steel instruments involve numerous disadvantages, due to their relative rigidity and their tip that in many cases is aggressive, so that in curved and/or calcified canals they can easily produce ledges or transportation.

In 2008, the first rotary instruments to create the glide path (PatFile Maillefer Switzerland) were introduced to the market. Subsequently, all the most important companies in the world producing NiTi mechanical instruments have included mechanical file to realize the glide path. Now the manual phase is limited only to the canal scouting generally made with a file 08 or 10 then everything is mechanical.

Aims:

to stress about the importance of the glide path;

to explane the advantages of a rotary glide path;

to understand when it is possible to create a rotary glide path and when is better to create a manual glide path;

to explane the combination of manual and rotary technique in difficult cases. 

Specialist for Endodontics (DGET)  

Certified, International Program in Endodontics, University of Pennsylvania / USA

Born in 1969 

1988-1994 Dental University of Hamburg, Germany  

1999-2001 International Program – Department of Endodontics – University of Pennsylvania, USA 

2001 Certification in Microendodontics and Endodontic Microsurgery – University of Pennsylvania, USA 

Since 2002 limited to Endodontics in Privat Practice in Hamburg, Germany  

Since 2007 Specialist of the German Society of Endodontics and Traumatology (DGET) 

Certified Member European Society of Endodontology (ESE) 

National and international lectures and publications  

Root perforations are severe complications and are associated with compromised endodontic treatment outcomes, especially when bacterial infection is allowed to establish. Perforations may occur due to pathological processes or treatment consequences. If a perforation occurs, treatment relies on accurate diagnosis and visualisation. Perforation repair can be challenging and sometimes requires creativity. The aim of the lecture is to provide the background, clinical techniques and outcome of nonsurgical and surgical perforation repair.

Julian Leprince is currently professor in Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics at UCLouvain, Brussels Belgium. He is the main lecturer in Endodontics, Cariology and Conservative Dentistry and Advanced Biomaterials and Biotechnologies. He is also involved in teaching Immunology applied to dental diseases, and Biomaterials. He serves as head of the Adult and Child Dentistry Division at Cliniques Universitaires St Luc (Brussels, Belgium) and is responsible for the post-graduate program in endodontics and conservative dentistry.

He received his dental degree in 2006 at UCLouvain, and his PhD in 2010 with as title « Study of photopolymerization reaction of dental resins: answers of fundamental research to clinical issues ». He then went on a post-doctoral stay for one year to the University of the Pacific (San Francisco, CA, USA) to expend his knowledge in the field of pulp biology and dental stem cells.

Upon his return at UCLouvain, he created the DRIM research group whose goal is to connect fundamental research with clinical practice, to ultimately improve patient care. Within this group, he supervises PhD students and researchers who conduct investigations on various topics, from Dental materials to pulp biology.

He is the author of numerous papers in the best journals in the field, and wrote several book chapters dealing with endodontics and dental materials. He received several scientific awards, is a member of the editorial board of several journals (Journal of Dental Research, Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry). He also serves as reviewer for numerous renowned journals in the field, including Dental Materials, Acta Biomaterialia, Journal of Endodontics, International Endodontic Journal or Journal of Dentistry. Finally, he is currently a member -at-large in the Board of the Academy of Dental Materials.

The restoration of endodontically treated teeth must be considered as integral part of the endodontic treatment, since it potentially plays an important role in the long-term success of the procedure, as well as in tooth longevity. In order to maximize the chances of treatment success and tooth survival, the specificities of endodontically treated molars need to be carefully considered, in the context of the advances in adhesion, digital technologies, and biomaterials.

The presentation will first provide context regarding the specificity of endododontically-treated molars based on an original database of 2500 treatments followed prospectively over the last 25 years.

We will then discuss important aspects regarding the restoration of such teeth, notably tooth reinforcement, restoration retention, the need for a ferrule and/or for posts, and the importance of cusp coverage. Based on the available evidence, best-practice recommendations will be suggested, integrating as much as possible both restorative and endodontic objectives. We will particularly focus on tissue preservation, in a patient-centred approach. 

09h00-09h30  

Problem solving: CBCT in diagnosis and treatment planning  

Gianluca Gambarini

09h30-10h00  

Problem solving: CBCT in the orthograde treatment of complex cases  

Mohammad Hammo

10h00-10h30  

CBCT and quality assessment of root canal procedures and outcome  

David Jaramillo

A system using multisonic technology has been recently introduced (GentleWave®) with a support of excellent pulpal debridement characteristics. The technology uses a combination of broad-spectrum acoustic energy, advanced fluid dynamics, and accelerated chemistry to debride and disinfect the root canal system with minimal instrumentation. The mechanism of action allows efficient delivery of energy to all anatomical areas of the root canal system, including difficult to reach areas such as isthmuses, fins, lateral canals, and anastomoses. After root canal obturation its important the use of CBCT to be able to visualize the obturation of these different areas of the complex root canal anatomy.

11h00-11h30  

Problem solving: the use of CBCT based endodontic guides  

Gergely Benyocs

Static guided endodontic approach has proven to be a safe, clinically feasible method to locate root canals, prevent root perforations and to solve complex cases. However, even with careful and proper planning and printing, there can be some mishaps and complications with clinical usage. In my presentation, I would like to show clinical examples in this topic, suggesting solutions to avoid them.

11h30-12h00  

Problem solving: CBCT in surgical endodontics  

Adham Azim

12h00-12h30

Guidelines for a rationale use of CBCT in everyday's practice  

Marc Semper 

14h30-15h15

The mechanisms behind chronic infection-induced cardiovascular disease  

Pirkko Pussinen

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are mainly caused by atherosclerosis, which is a slowly progressive, multifactorial disease described as a disorder of lipid metabolism and chronic inflammation. Both marginal and apical periodontitis are among the dysbiosis-driven infections putatively contributing to systemic inflammatory burden and thereby atherogenesis.

Dysbiosis in the oral cavity give arise to local proinflammatory mediators, which may spread via circulation and promote production of systemic acute-phase reactants and inflammatory mediators. Dysbiotic microbiota may also have a direct role in atherogenesis: whole bacteria, antigens, outer membrane vesicles, and virulence factors spread in the circulation via blood, lymph, and saliva. This results in systemic inflammation, pro-thrombotic state, metabolic alterations, and production of pro-atherogenic antibodies. Dysfunctions of immune responses include molecular mimicry, where systemic or local antibodies crossreact between bacterial and host-derived epitopes. These antibodies promote inflammation and interact within the atheroma advancing cholesterol uptake to the cells of artery wall. One of the mechanisms potentially linking chronic infection / inflammation and CVD is common susceptibility. Thus, periodontitis may be a genetically determined phenotype, which leads to a greater risk of both atherosclerosis and infection. 

Considering the high prevalence of marginal and apical periodontitis and the putative proatherogenic inflammatory burden that they cause, the relevance of dental care to public health is extensive. Investigating the role of chronic oral inflammations / infections in CVD is important both for mapping the individual cardiovascular risk factors and in planning of the treatments. Thus, dental professionals do not only treat oral health problems, but also prevent complications in the rest of the body.

15h15-16h00

Apical periodontitis and systemic inflammation – the level of evidence? 

Leo Tjäderhane

Local infection may result in low-grade chronic systemic inflammation when the proinflammatory mediators disseminate from the infection site. Among the oral infections associating with an increased risk for various systemic diseases, marginal periodontitis most studied. The role of endodontic infection and apical periodontitis in the induction of systemic inflammation is less studied. Moreover, the possible difference between acute or symptomatic and chronic asymptomatic apical periodontitis is unclear.  

Aims  

The aim is to evaluate what is the evidence of the data available, to investigate if apical periodontitis, acute or chronic, can induce low-grade systemic inflammation.  

Objectives  

- to review the evidence of the effect of endodontic infections on systemic proinflammatory mediators.

- to discuss the difference between acute and chronic endodontic infections on the level of proinflammatory mediators in circulation.

16h30-17h15  

Endodontic infections and cardiovascular diseases: what can we learn from epidemiology?  

Jussi Furuholm 

Odds ratio, hazard ratio, risk ratio? Relative risk —is it actual risk to my patient? What is the relation between association and causation —or is there any such relation? Epidemiological data regarding the role of endodontic infections and inflammation in the onset and progression of systemic diseases such as CVDs is often confusing and difficult to interpret into clinical life.The aim is to elucidate the statistics in endodontic epidemiology, and to understand whether data suggests association or causation between endodontics infections and general health.

17h15-18h00

Apical periodontitis in patients with increased risk for severe infections  

Jaana Helenius-Hietala

There is a wide variety of conditions causing more or less severe immunodeficiencies, including more than 80 autoimmune diseases, humoral immune deficiencies, cancers, and as a constantly growing group, the drug-induced immunodeficiencies. How should we react with acute or chronic apical periodontitis lesions in these patients?  

The aim of this lecture is to review and analyze the scientific evidence to find out how apical perio-dontitis might affect patients at increased risk for severe infections.

Dr.Zaher Altaqi obtained his DDS degree from Syrian Private University (SPU), College of Dentistry in Syria. He granted his Post-Graduate MASTER DEGREE in Endodontics from Damascus University, College of Dentistry, Syria. Then he obtained the SYRIAN BOARD of Endodontics by the Syrian commission for health specialist. He is a Gold member at STYLE ITALIANO ENDODONTICS, He is an editorial board member of International Dental and Medical Journal of Advances Research. He Published many articles related to endodontics. He lectures internationally in many countries about the clinical approach to Microscopic Endodontics, He conduct his private courses and modules internationally called MODERN ENDODONTICS, his private practice in Saudi Arabia - Riyadh is limited to microscopic endodontic treatment. He has an interest in broken files, microscope ergonomics and documentation.

When the clinician faces intracanal separated instrument, the most important concern is removal of this obstruction in order to be able to disinfect, shape and seal the root canal system. However, this procedure should be carried out conservatively without losing much dentin from the root, otherwise the tooth survival would be compromised. 
This workshop is designed to share the speakers’ perspective on management of broken instruments using a predictable and minimally invasive approach. 

Intended learning outcomes: 
- Methods of preventing file fractures during instrumentation 
- Available methods for retrieval of broken files from root canals 
- Why Loop technique? 
- Basics of ultrasonic use during broken file removal. 
- Introduction to the grasping tools, with special focus on BTR PEN (loop technique ) 
- The difference between BTR Pen and other loop devices. 
- Why Loop technique? 
- The technique for ultrasonic preparation before using BTR pen device. 
- The correct setup for BTR pen before the clinical use. 
- The correct technique to grasp the broken file with BTR pen. 
- When to use BTR pen, indications and limitations. 

Giovanni Olivi graduated cum laude in Medicine and Surgery (MD) at ”La Sapienza” University of Rome, and in Dentistry (DDS) at ”Tor Vergata” University of Rome. In 2002 Giovanni achieved the post-graduate diploma in ”Laser Dentistry” from the University of Florence; in 2004, He achieved the laser certification from ISLD; in 2006 the Advanced Proficiency from the Academy of Laser Dentistry and in 2009, the Master status, always from ALD.  

Giovanni in 2007 has been awarded with the “Leon Goldman Award” for clinical excellence. He authored over 80 peer-reviewed papers, and 4 books on Laser Dentistry, in different languages, Italian, English and Chinese. 

Active member of Italian Society of Endodontics (SIE), Giovanni is also member of several Italian and international laser academies. Giovanni Olivi is a founder member and currently the 2021-2023 President of the International Academy of Innovative Dentistry (IAID) and the scientific coordinator of the ”Laser Dentistry” Master courses at Catholic University of Sacred Hearth of Rome. 

There has been a volcanic eruption of technologies in Endodontics over the past 20 years. The development of NiTi shaping files, the debut of biocompatible materials, the advent of CBCT for improved diagnostics. These minimally invasive technologies promote the maximum preservation of tooth structure, but according to an old aphorism enunciated by Herbert Schilder, for the success of endodontic therapy, “what is removed” is more important than “what is introduced” into the canal system. In this view, laser activated irrigation, and more specifically SWEEPS technology represents a breakthrough method for 3D disinfecting of the root canal system. This unique irrigation method produces fluid cavitation in the root canal system as result of photoacoustic phenomenon generated by erbium YAG laser ultra-short dual pulses energy delivered by the tip kept stationary in the access cavity of the tooth. In this way, the use of EDTA and NaOCl, along the correct protocol, improve the cleaning and decontaminating effect of root canals when compared to conventional methods. The SWEEPS protocol is validated by several in vitro studies, supported by a strong body of published and non-published experiments and data, and confirmed by thousands of clinical trials. 
 

Learning Objectives 
1) to understand the main importance of endodontic irrigation in Endodontics 
2) to understand the difference among sonic, ultrasonic, multisonic and laser activated irrigation 
3) to know the main advantages of SWEEPS technology for root canal irrigation 
4) to be aware of the efficacy and effectiveness of LAI/SWEEPS technique in all the steps of R.C.T. 
 

The primary goal of endodontic therapy is to achieve maximum chemical and mechanical disinfection of the root canal system.
The rapid development of endodontic instruments and materials makes treatment procedures safer, more accurate and more efficient than in the past.
However, even today, chemo-mechanical preparation is performed with different tools and devices that require application of skills (often subjectively) and operating times for their use.
The automatic control of the kinematics and the overlapping of some phases of the endodontic treatment, performing an all-in-one chemo-mechanical preparation, can simplify the preparation of the root canal without reducing the quality and effectiveness of the root canal therapy.
The lesson will discuss the current and future possibilities of reducing the subjectivity in the use of shaping tools and saving operating time by combining different phases of endodontic therapy thanks to new technologies already available today or in the future.

Graduate summa cum laude in Dentistry and Dental Prosthesis at the University of Ancona in 1992. 
Active Member of the Italian Society of Endodontics. 
Certified Member of the European Society of Endodontology. 
Associate Member American Association of Endodontists. 
Gold Member of Styleitaliano Endodontics. 
In the Italian Society of Endodontics held the positions of Coordinator of the Cultural Committee (2012-2015), Assistant Editor of the Italian Journal of Endodontics (2014-2015) Treasurer (2016-2018); Secretary (2019); currently is the Vice-President of the Society (2020-2021).  
Co-author of the book “Testo Atlante di Anatomia Endodontica" published by Tecniche Nuove in 2011. Co-author of the book “Isolamento del campo operatorio" published by ANDI Servizi in 2013. Co-author of the book "Manuale di Endodonzia" published by Elsevier Masson Italy in 2013. Co-author of the iBook “The Isolation Game” published in Apple iBook Stores  Co-author of the book “Ritrattamenti: soluzioni per le patologie apicali di origine endodontica" published by EDRA in 2018 available even in English and Spanish language. 
Lecturer in theoretical and practical courses on subjects related to the isolation of the operative field and endodontics, has participated as a speaker at courses and conferences in Italy and abroad. Private practice, concentrating mainly in Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry and author of publications on journals of national and international sector. 

Endodontic treatment is a predictable procedure with high success rates. 
The goals to reach during the Cleaning and the Obturation are well know for a long time as well known are the problems we daily face during these 2 stages: the BACTERIA that are to be removed from the canal, and the ENDODONTIC ANATOMY that can be very challenging to clean and completely fill.  
The persistence of bacteria inside the root canal system can lead to a negative outcome of the therapy, and bacteria can survive in already treated canals, especially if the quality of the obturation is poor. As a matter of fact an high percentage of the endodontic failures are associated with incomplete root canal obturation. 
In a clinical setting, the use of devoted devices for the activation of the irrigating solutions and for the Warm Gutta Percha Techniques is really ergonomic, allowing the clinician to carry out high quality cleaning and obturation with less effort and less time. 
The activation of irrigating solutions using ultrasonics is a very deeply investigated procedure in the scientific literature: it is really helpful to remove debris from the shaped canal and even to clean secondary anatomies as isthmuses and lateral canals. The availability of wireless devices makes the procedure really ergonomic in the daily practice. 
Warm gutta percha techniques are still the golden standard of obturation to properly seal the root canal system in a three dimensional way: the use of  dedicated devices for the down-packing and for the back-filling help a lot the clinician easing the execution of the technique. 
The aim of the lecture is to share the speaker’s experience with Cleaning and Obturation protocols starting from scientific literature, sharing even tips to apply in the daily practice. 

Dr. Talal Al-Nahlawi was born in Damascus in 1977. He graduated from Faculty of Dentistry-Damascus University in 1999; he completed his post graduate diploma in endodontics in 2001, Master of Science in 2004, and PhD degree in 2009 from Damascus University. Since then he became an assistant professor at Operative dentistry and Endodontics department at Syrian Private Universities. He was conferred into the title of associate professor in 2016. He is also a part time lecturer at Damascus University, Al-Sham Private University, and National Dental Center for post graduate studies in Syria. Dr. Talal has published 23 articles in national and international peer-reviewed dental journals, Editor in many journals, authored and translated many books about restorative dentistry in Arabic, and lectured and conducted hands-on courses worldwide.

Currently he is a board director member of the Syrian Endodontic Society, Councilor of the Asian Pacific Endodontic Confederation (APEC), Endodontic program director of MHG Professional Development Dental Educational Institute Dubai, Member of the Endodontic council at BAIRD Academy, Advisory Board Member of the Dental Surgeons Association of India DSAI and Dental Students Welfare Association of India DSWAI.

Aim: 
This presentation will focus on decision-making highlighting when the apical surgery will be indicated, and when non-surgical management will be better for the prognosis of the endodontically treated teeth.

Learning objectives:

- Analyzing the causes of failure after endodontic treatment, and how to properly choose the treatment plan.
- The potential of non-surgical retreatment to preserve the root canal treated teeth healthy.
- How can endodontic surgery be minimally invasive endodontics sometimes.
- The importance of microscopic magnification in improving the outcome of endodontic surgery.
- The updates in micro apical surgery and the impact on success rate.

Prof. Frédéric Bukiet graduated from Aix-Marseille University in 1998. After serving as a resident at the University of Paris V for three years (1998-2001), he returned to Marseille as a University Hospital Assistant Professor in Endodontics. Meanwhile, he obtained his Master's degree (2002-2003) and started a private practice limited to Endodontics in Marseille. Frédéric Bukiet was appointed senior lecturer - hospital practitioner (Part time) in 2004 while maintaining his daily endodontic practice in his private office. Since 2010, he is full time teacher-researcher-Hospital clinician at Aix-Marseille University. His research activity allowed him to earn his PhD in 2014. Frédéric Bukiet has been appointed Full Professor in 2017 and is currently the head of department of Endodontics at Aix-Marseille University. He is also director of the Postgraduate Endodontic Program with Dr Ludovic Pommel. Frédéric has published numerous papers in several national and international journals. He is currently a certified member of the European Society of Endodontology (ESE) and the secretary of the French College of Teachers in Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics (CNEOC). He serves as a peer reviewer for different journals and is also Associate Editor of the European Endodontic Journal.

In recent years, bioceramic sealers have been extensively investigated in in vitro / ex vivo studies highlighting their excellent biological and physicochemical properties.

Their specificities, especially their excellent dimensional stability have led to an update of the single cone technique which has regained popularity in the past few years. This approach raises new questions connecting the research and the clinical implications.

The single cone technique needs to be put in perspective with the concept of Minimally Invasive Endodontics. What impact will minimally invasive root canal shaping have on the goals of cleaning / disinfection and obturation of the root canal space? Obturation in more conservative access cavities/root canal preparations could take advantage of the enhanced properties of bioceramic sealers. Therefore, it seems essential to clarify why, when and how to properly apply the single cone / bioceramic obturation. Based on the available knowledge, this presentation aims to discuss the clinical use of bioceramic sealers with hydraulic condensation for obturation of the root canal space. At the end of this presentation, the attendees should be aware of the advantages/limitations of this obturation technique.

Dr Floratos received his DMD from the University of Thessaloniki School of Dental Medicine in Greece in 2001 and joined the Greek Navy as an Active Duty Dental Officer. In 2009 he graduated from the full-time Residency program in Endodontics and Microsurgery offered at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine in USA.  He received the Louis Grossman Award for ‘Outstanding Proficiency in the Graduate Program’, the Award for ‘Outstanding Case Presentation’, as well as the Award for "Contribution in teaching Microendodontics and Endodontic Microsurgery" offered upon graduation from the Endodontic Program. Since 2009, he holds an Adjunct Assistant Professor appointment at the Endodontic Department of University of Pennsylvania.  He was the Director of the Endodontic Department of the Athens Naval Hospital in Greece for 10 years and retired in 2019 as a Commander Endodontist of the Greek Navy.  He is the primary author of 3 chapters at the “Microsurgery in Endodontics” textbook by Kim & Kratchman published in 2017, as well as one chapter in ‘Endodontic-Periodontal Lesions’ by Tsesis & Rosen published in 2019.  His cases have been published at the ‘ Pathways of the Pulp’ textbook and ‘Ingle’s Endodontics’ textbook.  He has presented in endodontic meetings in USA and Europe and has published in national and international endodontic journals. 

Aims : The ultimate goal of the instrumentation phase of root canal therapy is to develop a sterile canal system before root filling while retaining as much healthy tooth structure as possible.  The root canal system is highly complex, making cleaning during root canal treatment challenging. Micro-CT studies demonstrate that by the end of the instrumentation phase, round files touch only 45-55% of the walls of the canals. Many adjunct techniques have been tried to compensate for these shortcomings including; high concentration of NaOCl, EDTA, ultrasonication or by lasers technologies.

Modern NiTi technologies such as expandable files have shown outstanding results in preparing canals anatomically while maintaining the original shape of the canal. At the same time, they obtain a high gutta percha removal capacity and canal cleanliness in retreatment cases. The latest advancement is a predictable simplified protocol for a safe anatomical canal preparation using heat treatment and enhanced expandable technology.  
This presentation will explore the biological and clinical aspects of newer generation NiTi rotary files and will demonstrate strategies and techniques for managing treatment and retreatment cases efficiently. 

Learning objectives : At conclusion, participants should be able to:
- Recognize the limitations of current, solid core rotary files in reaching inaccessible areas of the canal system
- Understand the technical, biological and clinical aspects of newer generation  expandable NiTi rotary files 
- Implement  safe and efficient instrumentation strategies  for three dimensional  shaping and cleaning in treatment and retreatment cases

Exclusive endodontist with practice in Madrid (Spain) & Austria

Odontologist by the European University of Madrid.

Head of the Master of Advanced Endodontics at the Rey Juan Carlos University of Madrid.

Professor at the International Dental Institute of Palm Beach (Florida – USA)

National & International lecturer in Endodontics (Argentina, Portugal, USA, México, Colombia, Austria, Switherland and Brasil, Spain, between others).

Author of more than 40 clinical papers.

Awarded as the author of the better clinical case in the National Congress of Endodontics in Spain in 2.006.

Co-author of the book: “Microdentistry: a practical guide” (2014).

Elected President of the Spanish Association of Endodontics (AEDE).

Board Member of the College of Dentists of the 1st Region of Spain.

Endodontics has evolved a lot in the last years, being today much more conservative and less invasive.

The new shaping system Slim Shaper® (Zarc4endoTM, Spain), is capable to prepare canals in a very conservative way without altering the real anatomy of the teeth, being a minimal invasive, resistant and efficient system.

Slim Shaper® is capable to finish the shaping with a 25-30-35-40 or 50 3% taper, if needed.
So, now we can shape the canals keeping the original anatomy and providing a good disinfection, being the canal preparation of the future.

In this lecture, the new system of mechanical instrumentation Slim Shaper® (Zarc4endoTM), compared with the rest of the systems in the market will be introduced, analysing their advantages and disadvantages.

Also real and difficult clinical cases will be shown, discussing on which should be the clinical approach vs the previous techniques and the prognosis introducing this innovative system.

Oral presentations on freely chosen subjects